Differences between PGI and DOP products

Differences between PGI and DOP products

Protected Geographical Indications (PGI) and Protected Designations of Origin (PDO) are two categories of recognition of quality and origin of agricultural and food products in the European Union. Both are part of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) protection system and aim to protect product names to promote their unique characteristics and protect consumers and producers. Below are the main differences between IGP and DOP.

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Protected Designation of Origin (DOP)

  • Linkage to the Territory: The DOP has a very close link with a specific region. The entire production, transformation and preparation process of the product must be carried out in the designated region.

  • Quality and Characteristics: The characteristics and quality of the product are directly related to the geographical environment, including natural and human factors. That is, the specific place where the product is produced is crucial to its unique properties.

  • Examples: Some examples of PDO products are cheese Parmigiano Reggiano, Guijuelo Iberian ham and Rioja wine.

Protected Geographical Indication (PGI)

  • Linkage to the Territory: The PGI has a less strict link with the territory compared to the DOP. At least one of the stages of the production, transformation or processing process must be carried out in the designated region.

  • Quality and Characteristics: The characteristics of the product They may be associated with the region, but not as exclusively as in the case of the DOP. The reputation of the product may be related to the geographical area.

  • Examples: Some examples of products with PGI are Teruel ham, chicken from Bresse and Gouda cheese.

Key Differences of PGI and DOP Products

  • Production Process: In the PDO, all production phases must be carried out in the specific region. In the PGI, at least one stage must be carried out in the designated region.

  • Geographical Linkage: The PDO has a stronger and more specific connection with the geographic area, while the IGP allows a more flexible relationship.

  • Reputation vs. Intrinsic Quality: In the DOP, the quality and characteristics of the product are closely linked to the geographical environment. In the PGI, the reputation of the product is a key factor, although there may also be influence of the geographical environment.

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