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What types of mushrooms do we have in Teruel?
Teruel, a province that has many different but high-quality products, is often known for its Denomitanion of origin's ham (Denomination of Origin Ham) but not much is said about the great mycological quality of the province, despite the fact that we have many natural treasures of this type.
Our forests, which extend from the Albarracín mountain ranges to the foothills of Gúdar and Javalambre, offer a perfect environment for the growth of a wide variety of mushrooms, so we are going to tell you what types of mushrooms exist in our region and their main characteristics.
Variety of mushrooms in Teruel
The diversity of habitats in Teruel allows numerous species of mushrooms to develop throughout the year, although the high season usually coincides with autumn, thanks to the humid and temperate conditions. Below, we review some of the most representative species:
1. Níscalo or Rebollón (Lactarius deliciosus)
The níscalo (or rebollón in Teruel) is, without a doubt, one of the most popular mushrooms in Teruel, we are sure that you have gone out in search of it at some point. It is characterized by its orange color, its mild flavor and its meaty texture. Its natural habitat is the pine forests, which abound in the province. In addition, it is highly appreciated in local cuisine, where it is used in stews, rice dishes or simply grilled with garlic and parsley.
2. Boletus edulis (Pumpkin mushroom)
The boletus is considered a gourmet product. With its brown cap and thick stem, it is one of the most sought-after mushrooms for its flavour and versatility in dishes. In the mountains of Teruel, the boletus finds the ideal conditions to grow, especially in mixed oak and beech forests. It is more difficult to find them, but if you find one, it will be your lucky day.
3. Cardo mushroom (Pleurotus eryngii)
This mushroom is highly appreciated by both collectors and cooks. It usually grows in meadow areas and next to thistle plants, from which it takes its name. Its firm texture and intense flavour make it a perfect ingredient for stews and stir-fries; it is the usual mushroom in our recipes.
4. Amanita caesarea (Oronja)
Also known as the "queen of mushrooms", the oronja stands out for its bright orange colour and delicate flavour. It is a fairly rare species, which makes it even more coveted. Although it is edible and delicious, it is important to differentiate it from its dangerous relative, the Amanita muscaria, which is toxic.
5. Trumpet of the Dead (Craterellus cornucopioides)
Despite its slightly scary name, this black trumpet-shaped mushroom is a culinary treasure. Its intense flavour and aroma make it ideal for sauces and soups. In Teruel, it is usually found in deciduous forests during the autumn.
Harvesting Tips
The rise of mycology in Teruel has led to a greater interest in mushroom picking, but also to the need to promote responsible practices that protect the natural environment. Here are some tips if you want to get into the world of mycology and start collecting mushrooms yourself:
- If you do NOT know the mushroom, do not pick it: Learn to identify mushrooms before collecting them. Some toxic species can look very similar to edible ones, so it is essential that if you are not sure that a mushroom is a specific species, you leave it where it is.
- Respect the Environment: Use wicker baskets to collect mushrooms, as they allow the dispersion of spores and help preserve the life cycle of the species; plastic bags are strictly prohibited.
- Do not pull out mushrooms: Cut the stem with a knife to avoid damaging the mycelium, the underground part of the mushroom that ensures its regeneration.
- Pick Only What You Will Eat: Don't pick too many mushrooms or ones you're not sure you'll use. This ensures there are enough for other pickers and local wildlife.
- Comply with the Law: Some areas in Teruel require permits for mushroom picking. Check with local authorities to make sure you're in compliance.
Teruel gastronomy
The mycological wealth of Teruel is also reflected in its gastronomy. Many local restaurants incorporate seasonal mushrooms into their menus, offering dishes that combine tradition and innovation. From rice with porcini mushrooms to toast with chanterelles and Teruel ham, the options are endless.
In addition, mushroom days are organised during the autumn, where you can enjoy tastings, talks and guided trips to the mountains to learn more about this fascinating world.
Tips on mushrooms from Teruel
Teruel is a real treasure for mushroom lovers, thanks to the diversity of species and habitats it offers. However, it is essential to practice sustainable harvesting to preserve this natural resource and ensure that future generations can also enjoy the mycological magic of the region.
If we have convinced you, it is time to grab your basket, knife and boots and head into the mountains to hunt for your favourite mushrooms.
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